Ectopic colloid goiter in mediastinum with normal thyroid gland.

Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare developmental abnormality involving aberrant embryogenesis of the thyroid gland during passage from the primitive foregut to the pretracheal position. The most frequent position is the base of the tongue (lingual thyroid); however, it has been described in other sites, such as the submandibular region, trachea, mediastinum, and subdiaphragmatic regions.Here, we report a case of an adenomatous goiter that developed in mediastinal thyroid tissue without any connection to the pretracheal thyroid gland.

Photobiomodulation of surgical wound dehiscence in a diabetic individual by low-level laser therapy following median sternotomy.

In this single case study, we attempt to outline the possible effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on delayed wound healing and pain in chronic dehiscent sternotomy of a diabetic individual. The methods that were employed to evaluate changes pre and post irradiation were wound photography, wound area measurement, pressure ulcer scale of healing (PUSH), and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. After irradiation, proliferation of healthy granulation tissue was observed with decrease in scores of PUSH for sternal dehiscence and VAS for bilateral shoulders and sternal dehiscence. We found that LLLT irradiation could be a novel method of treatment for chronic sternal dehiscence following coronary artery bypass grafting, as it augments wound healing with an early closure of the wound deficit. Hence, this might be translated into an early functional rehabilitation and decreased pain perception of an individual following surgical complication.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation presenting as a large aneurysm.

We report the case of a 49-year-old woman who presented with breathlessness on exertion and iron deficiency anaemia. Evaluation revealed a large mass in the right lung which on further investigation was determined to be a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) with a large aneurysmal sac. The patient subsequently underwent a lobectomy with an uneventful recovery. The pathophysiology of PAVM and its varied presentations are also discussed.

Carney Complex: case report and review.

Carney complex is a very rare multiple neoplasia syndrome with cardiac, cutaneous, and neural tumours with a variety of pigmented lesion of skin. We are reporting a rare case of carney complex in which left atrial myxoma with superficial angiomyxoma, giant cell tumour of bone and lentigines showed a unique association. This patient underwent successful surgical excision of left atrial myxoma under cardiopulmonary bypass.

Isolated cervical rib fracture.

Isolated fracture of a cervical rib is a very rare entity. Cervical rib fracture due to heavy backpack usage is a new occupational hazard for students. Cervical rib fracture usually presents as a painless swelling or as thoracic outlet syndrome. We report two patients with cervical rib fractures, one of them secondary to backpack usage, and review the available literature.

A rare case of congenital diaphragmatic hernia with ectopic liver and absent pericardium.

We present a 37-year-old woman with a rare combination of absent pericardium with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Only 3 patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia with complete absence of pericardium and ectopic liver have been described, and all of them were neonates. This interesting case gives us an opportunity to study the natural history of this rare combination of anatomic defect and consolidate the existing scarce data on this condition.